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<\/div>\n\nCumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 \u00d6zel Temsilcisi Erg\u00fcn Olgun, K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019ta federal bir ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kurulmas\u0131 ve ya\u015fat\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u015fartlar\u0131n uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, bu \u015fartlarda y\u00f6nlendirme, bask\u0131 veya zorlama ile dayat\u0131lacak bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn ya\u015fat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n da m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 vurgulad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Olgun, Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Ersin <\/a>Tatar<\/a>\u2019\u0131n, \u201cK\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk taraf\u0131n\u0131n e\u015fitli\u011finin gerekleri olan egemen e\u015fitli\u011finin ve e\u015fit uluslararas\u0131 stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn teyidiyle ortak zeminin olu\u015fmas\u0131 \u00fczerine, K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019ta mevcut iki devletin yeni bir i\u015f birli\u011fi ili\u015fkisi kurabilmesi i\u00e7in resmi m\u00fczakerelere ba\u015flanabilece\u011fini\u201d bildirdi\u011fini i\u015faret ederek, Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Tatar<\/a>\u2019\u0131n, egemen e\u015fitlik ve e\u015fit uluslararas\u0131 stat\u00fc zemininde i\u015fbirli\u011fi ili\u015fkisinin derinli\u011fini ve geni\u015fli\u011fini de ele almaya haz\u0131r oldu\u011funu kaydetti.<\/p>\n Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Ersin <\/a>Tatar<\/a>\u2019\u0131n \u00d6zel Temsilcisi M. Erg\u00fcn Olgun, Rum taraf\u0131n\u0131n \u201cg\u00f6r\u00fc\u015fmelerin Crans-Montana\u2019da kald\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerden ba\u015flamas\u0131\u201d tutumuna y\u00f6nelik a\u00e7\u0131klama yapt\u0131.<\/p>\n Erg\u00fcn Olgun, K\u0131br\u0131s Rum taraf\u0131n\u0131n \u201cs\u00f6zde federal bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmek i\u00e7in m\u00fczakerelerin 2017 y\u0131l\u0131nda Crans-Montana\u2019da b\u0131rak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerden yeniden ba\u015flat\u0131lmas\u0131\u201d i\u00e7in yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 giri\u015fimler kar\u015f\u0131s\u0131nda kapsaml\u0131 bir de\u011ferlendirme payla\u015fma ihtiyac\u0131n\u0131n h\u00e2s\u0131l oldu\u011funu kaydetti ve \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti:<\/p>\n \u201cFederalizm \u00fczerine otorite kabul edilen Prof. Ronald L. Watts, federasyonu en az iki e\u015fit siyasi birimin\/h\u00fck\u00fcmetin bir yandan ortak y\u00f6netim unsurlar\u0131n\u0131, di\u011fer yandan kurucu devletlerin h\u00fck\u00fcmetleri i\u00e7in b\u00f6lgesel \u00f6zy\u00f6netim unsurlar\u0131n\u0131 birle\u015ftiren politik bir \u00f6rg\u00fct olarak tan\u0131mlam\u0131\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n Federasyonlar genellikle ihtiya\u00e7tan do\u011farlar ve kurucular\u0131n\u0131n hak ve stat\u00fc e\u015fitli\u011fi zemininde g\u00f6n\u00fcll\u00fcl\u00fck esas\u0131na dayal\u0131 bir akitle ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilirler. Federasyonlar\u0131 bir arada tutan devaml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ortak \u00e7\u0131karlar ve kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131kl\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131kt\u0131r. Federasyonlar genel olarak iki gruba ayr\u0131lmaktad\u0131r. Tek uluslu federasyonlar (mononational\/national federations) ulusal homojenli\u011fi ve \u00e2demi merkeziyet\u00e7ili\u011fi hedeflerken (ABD gibi), \u00e7ok uluslu federasyonlar ortak bir siyasi birimin avantajlar\u0131 yan\u0131nda soy, dil ve k\u00fclt\u00fcr bak\u0131m\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcde farkl\u0131l\u0131k g\u00f6steren halklar\u0131 birle\u015ftirmeyi ama\u00e7lar (Bel\u00e7ika ve Kanada gibi). Tek uluslu federasyonlarda egemenlik ve yetkilerin kayna\u011f\u0131 merkezdir ve eyaletlere merkezden yetki verilir (devolution). \u00c7ok uluslu federasyonlarda ise egemenli\u011fin ve yetkilerin kayna\u011f\u0131 kurucu devletlerdir ve onlar olu\u015facak ortakl\u0131k devletine (merkeze) yetki verir. \u00c7ok uluslu federasyonlarda kurucu devletler b\u00fct\u00fcn y\u00f6nleriyle e\u015fit hak, stat\u00fc ve f\u0131rsatlara sahiptir.<\/p>\n \u00c7ok uluslu federasyonlar, kurucu halklar\u0131n\u0131n kimliklerini ve e\u015fitliklerini korumalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flarken, vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131n hem federasyona yurtsever ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 hem kendi toplumlar\u0131na\/b\u00f6lgesel anavatanlar\u0131na milliyet\u00e7i ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 olmak \u00fczere birden fazla ba\u011fl\u0131l\u0131k duymalar\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flar. Bu \u00f6zellikleriyle \u00e7ok uluslu federasyon yap\u0131s\u0131 g\u00fcn\u00fcm\u00fcz\u00fcn en inat\u00e7\u0131 siyasi sorunlar\u0131ndan biri olan kimlik \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131 gerek yetki, gerekse egemenlik payla\u015f\u0131m\u0131 ve b\u00f6lgesel \u00f6zy\u00f6netim d\u00fczenlemeleriyle uzla\u015ft\u0131rma imk\u00e2n\u0131 sunan bir y\u00f6netim modeli olarak g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcr. <\/p>\n \u00c7ok uluslu federasyonlar\u0131n kurulu\u015funda egemen e\u015fit taraflar olarak kurucular imzalad\u0131klar\u0131 akitte hangi yetkilerin federal ortakl\u0131k organlar\u0131nda olaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131, hangi yetkilerin kurucularda sakl\u0131 kalaca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ba\u015ftan belirlerler. Bu anlamda, federal ortakl\u0131k organlar\u0131 akitte devredilen yetkiler oran\u0131nda egemen olurken, kurucu devletler de sakl\u0131 tuttuklar\u0131 yetkiler oran\u0131nda egemen olurlar. Bu bak\u0131mdan \u00f6zellikle \u00e7ok uluslu federasyonlarda egemenlik kurucu devletler ile federal ortakl\u0131k aras\u0131nda b\u00f6l\u00fcnm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr. Egemenli\u011fin mutlak, b\u00f6l\u00fcnmez ve s\u0131n\u0131rlanamaz oldu\u011fu \u00fczerine kurgulanan klasik egemenlik anlay\u0131\u015f\u0131 \u00e7ok uluslu\/kimlikli federal ortakl\u0131k ve \u00e7a\u011fda\u015f demokrasi ilkeleriyle ba\u011fda\u015fmamaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n \u00c7ok uluslu federasyonlarda e\u015fitli\u011fin gere\u011fi ortakl\u0131k organlar\u0131nda kararlar mutabakatla al\u0131n\u0131r ve kurucu devletlerin ortakl\u0131k kurma hakk\u0131 gibi federal ortakl\u0131ktan ayr\u0131lma haklar\u0131 da mahfuzdur.<\/p>\n Federal ortakl\u0131klar\u0131n neden ba\u015far\u0131l\u0131 veya ba\u015far\u0131s\u0131z olduklar\u0131na dair bir\u00e7ok bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n Erg\u00fcn Olgun, uzun y\u0131llar m\u00fczakere s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019ta taraflar\u0131n \u00f6zden gelen e\u015fit hak ve e\u015fit stat\u00fcleri zemininde yeni bir kurumsal i\u015f birli\u011fi ili\u015fkisi kurma hedefini ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirmeye \u00e7al\u0131\u015fm\u0131\u015f ve siyasi ortakl\u0131klar konusunda bir \u00e7ok ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 incelemi\u015f biri olarak 40 y\u0131l\u0131 a\u015fan bir s\u00fcre yap\u0131lan m\u00fczakerelerde K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk taraf\u0131n\u0131n 2017 y\u0131l\u0131ndaki Crans Montana zirvesine kadar deste\u011fine ra\u011fmen federal ortakl\u0131k hedefinin ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilememi\u015f olmas\u0131n\u0131n nedenlerini ve bu \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm modelinin neden K\u0131br\u0131s \u015fartlar\u0131na uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 da ana hatlar\u0131yla \u015f\u00f6yle \u00f6zetledi:<\/p>\n \u201cRum Taraf\u0131 ve Yunanistan\u2019\u0131n kal\u0131pla\u015fm\u0131\u015f bir \u015fekilde K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019\u0131 bir Helen adas\u0131 olarak g\u00f6rmesi K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk taraf\u0131yla e\u015fitli\u011fe dayal\u0131 bir federal ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 ve ya\u015fat\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 m\u00fcmk\u00fcn k\u0131lmamaktad\u0131r. <\/p>\n Rum taraf\u0131n\u0131n kurumsalla\u015fm\u0131\u015f bu zihniyeti ve \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck aray\u0131\u015f\u0131 nedeniyle iki taraf aras\u0131nda ortak \u00e7\u0131kar olu\u015famam\u0131\u015f ve siyasi i\u015f birli\u011fi\/ortakl\u0131k kurma ihtiyac\u0131 do\u011famam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Uluslararas\u0131 d\u00fczeyde Rum taraf\u0131na kazand\u0131r\u0131lan konfor alan\u0131 da ortak ihtiya\u00e7 do\u011fmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemi\u015ftir. B\u00fct\u00fcn bu nedenlerle Rum Taraf\u0131 T\u00fcrk taraf\u0131n\u0131 bir art\u0131 (asset) olarak de\u011fil hedeflerine ula\u015fmada bir engel\/y\u00fck (liability) olarak g\u00f6rmektedir.<\/p>\n \u0130kili ortakl\u0131klarda taraflar aras\u0131nda g\u00fc\u00e7 dengesizli\u011fi (stat\u00fc, ekonomik g\u00fc\u00e7, n\u00fcfus gibi) sonu\u00e7ta genellikle g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc taraf\u0131n daha g\u00fc\u00e7s\u00fcz taraf \u00fczerinde \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck\/h\u00e2kimiyet kurma e\u011filimine girmesine yol a\u00e7maktad\u0131r. 1963 y\u0131l\u0131 ve sonras\u0131nda bu g\u00fcne kadar ya\u015fananlar Rum taraf\u0131n\u0131n bu \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck kurma aray\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n bir realite oldu\u011funu ortaya koymaktad\u0131r. \u0130kili ortakl\u0131klarda g\u00fc\u00e7 dengesizli\u011fi ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n bozulma nedenlerinin ba\u015f\u0131nda gelir. Federal ortakl\u0131klarda \u00fcye devletlerin sadece ortak de\u011fil, ayn\u0131 zamanda gizli rakip olduklar\u0131n\u0131n unutulmamas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n Rum taraf\u0131n\u0131n uygulama ve davran\u0131\u015flar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda, esas\u0131nda ula\u015fmak istedikleri hedefin \u00e7ok kimlikli\/uluslu bir federal ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kurulmas\u0131 ve ya\u015fat\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in gerekli olan taraflar\u0131n \u00f6zden gelen e\u015fit hak ve stat\u00fcleri zemininde bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, baz\u0131 hukuki d\u00fczenlemeler yoluyla, K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk taraf\u0131n\u0131 1963\u2019te i\u015fgal edip Rum cumhuriyetine d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcrd\u00fckleri devlete imtiyazl\u0131 bir az\u0131nl\u0131k stat\u00fcs\u00fcyle entegre etmek oldu\u011fu g\u00f6r\u00fclecektir.<\/p>\n Nitekim bir \u00f6nceki GKRY lideri Nicos Anastasiades 19 May\u0131s 2022 tarihinde Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Ersin <\/a>Tatar<\/a>\u2018a g\u00f6nderdi\u011fi mektupta kendilerine g\u00f6re var\u0131lacak \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn temelinin s\u00f6zde K\u0131br\u0131s Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin K\u0131br\u0131sl\u0131 Rumlar\u0131n ve K\u0131br\u0131sl\u0131 T\u00fcrklerin endi\u015felerini giderecek ve haklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcvence alt\u0131na alacak \u015fekilde federal bir devlete evrilmesi oldu\u011funu a\u00e7\u0131k\u00e7a ifade etmi\u015ftir. \u00c7ok kimlikli\/uluslu federal ortakl\u0131klar kurucular\u0131ndan sadece birinin me\u015fruiyeti \u00fczerine de\u011fil t\u00fcm kurucular\u0131n e\u015fit me\u015fruiyeti \u00fczerine kurulur.<\/p>\n Rum Taraf\u0131n\u0131n K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk Taraf\u0131n\u0131n e\u015fit hak ve stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc reddederek m\u00fcnhas\u0131ran kendi s\u00f6zde devletlerinin me\u015fruiyeti ve tek egemenlik \u00fczerinde \u0131srar\u0131, iki e\u015fit taraf\u00e7a yeni bir ortakl\u0131k devleti kurulmas\u0131n\u0131 reddi, merkezi h\u00fck\u00fcmette \u00e7o\u011funluk\u00e7u bir karar mekanizmas\u0131 \u00fczerinde \u0131srar\u0131, yani mutabakatla karar mekanizmas\u0131n\u0131 reddi, ve d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcml\u00fc cumhurba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 reddi ger\u00e7ek \u00e7ok kimlikli\/uluslu bir federal ortakl\u0131ktan ne kadar uzak olduklar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermektedir.<\/p>\n \u0130\u00e7 siyasi d\u00fczenlemelerle \u00fcst\u00fcnl\u00fck kurma giri\u015fimleri yan\u0131nda Rum taraf\u0131n\u0131n K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk taraf\u0131 i\u00e7in ya\u015famsal \u00f6neme haiz 1960 Garanti Sisteminin kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na y\u00f6nelik \u0131srar\u0131 da hegemonyac\u0131 zihniyetlerinin ba\u015fka bir yans\u0131mas\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n Gerek 1960 ortakl\u0131k Cumhuriyeti deneyimi ve sonras\u0131na, gerekse uluslararas\u0131 deneyim ve federal ortakl\u0131klar \u00fczerinde yap\u0131lan bilimsel ara\u015ft\u0131rma sonu\u00e7lar\u0131na bak\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131nda yukar\u0131daki nedenlerle K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019ta federal bir ortakl\u0131\u011f\u0131n kurulmas\u0131 ve kurulsa bile ya\u015fat\u0131lmas\u0131 i\u00e7in \u015fartlar\u0131n uygun olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclecektir. Bu \u015fartlarda y\u00f6nlendirme, bask\u0131 veya zorlama ile dayat\u0131lacak bir \u00e7\u00f6z\u00fcm\u00fcn ya\u015fat\u0131lman\u0131n da m\u00fcmk\u00fcn olmayaca\u011f\u0131 a\u015fik\u00e2rd\u0131r.<\/p>\n B\u00fct\u00fcn bunlara ra\u011fmen T\u00fcrk Taraf\u0131 K\u0131br\u0131s Rum Taraf\u0131na K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk halk\u0131n\u0131 Rum hegemonyac\u0131 zihniyetine kar\u015f\u0131 daha iyi koruyabilece\u011fine inand\u0131\u011f\u0131 farkl\u0131 bir i\u015f birli\u011fi uyarlamas\u0131 teklifinde bulunmu\u015ftur. Bu maksatla Nisan 2021\u2019de Cenevre\u2019de ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen 5 + BM gayr\u0131 resmi K\u0131br\u0131s toplant\u0131s\u0131nda Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Ersin <\/a>Tatar<\/a>, K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk taraf\u0131n\u0131n e\u015fitli\u011finin gerekleri olan egemen e\u015fitli\u011finin ve e\u015fit uluslararas\u0131 stat\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn teyidiyle ortak zeminin olu\u015fmas\u0131 \u00fczerine K\u0131br\u0131s\u2019ta mevcut iki devletin yeni bir i\u015f birli\u011fi ili\u015fkisi kurabilmesi i\u00e7in resmi m\u00fczakerelere ba\u015flanabilece\u011fini bildirmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n Cumhurba\u015fkan\u0131 Tatar<\/a> egemen e\u015fitlik ve e\u015fit uluslararas\u0131 stat\u00fc zemininde i\u015f birli\u011fi ili\u015fkisinin derinli\u011fini ve geni\u015fli\u011fini de ele almaya haz\u0131r oldu\u011funu defaten a\u00e7\u0131klam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.\u201d<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n