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Ast\u0131m s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ocuklarda y\u00fczde 9,1, adolesanlarda (10-19 ya\u015f) y\u00fczde 11, eri\u015fkinlerde y\u00fczde 6,6 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen Topel, K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk Tabipleri Birli\u011fi ad\u0131na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c7 May\u0131s D\u00fcnya Ast\u0131m G\u00fcn\u00fc\u201d a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131nda baz\u0131 bilgilerle uyar\u0131lar payla\u015ft\u0131.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Topel, \u201cAst\u0131m ila\u00e7larla kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nabildi\u011fi takdirde hastalar uzun y\u0131llar sorunsuz ya\u015fayabilir\u201d dedi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n -Belirtiler\u2026 \u201cAst\u0131m genellikle ataklar halinde seyreder\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Eri\u015fkin \u0130mm\u00fcnoloji ve Alerji Uzman\u0131 Dr. Musa Topel, ast\u0131mla ilgili \u015fu bilgileri verdi:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u201cAst\u0131m denilince akla \u00f6n planda nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131 gelmekle birlikte; ast\u0131m\u0131n temelinde hava yollar\u0131nda bir tak\u0131m tetikleyici fakt\u00f6rlere ba\u011fl\u0131 olarak ortaya \u00e7\u0131kan ve a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 duyarl\u0131l\u0131\u011fa neden olan iltihap mevcut olup, genellikle ataklar halinde seyreden bir hastal\u0131k olarak izlenmektedir. Ataklar kendili\u011finden stres kaynakl\u0131 ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilece\u011fi gibi, viral-bakteriyel enfeksiyonlar egzersiz, so\u011fuk-s\u0131cak hava, hava kirlili\u011fi, duman-toz, sigara duman\u0131, alerjik maddeler gibi bir\u00e7ok ajanla da tetiklenebilmektedir. Ast\u0131m d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnd\u00fcren \u015fikayetler aras\u0131nda; istirahat halinde veya hareketle tetiklenen nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131, aral\u0131kl\u0131 olarak atak \u015feklinde gelen \u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck krizleri, hastan\u0131n soluk al\u0131p verirken d\u0131\u015fardan da duyulabilecek \u015fekilde \u015fiddetli olan h\u0131\u015f\u0131lt\u0131l\u0131-h\u0131r\u0131lt\u0131l\u0131 solunumu olmas\u0131d\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra; keskin kokularla, parf\u00fcm-temizlik malzemesi kokular\u0131yla geli\u015fen nefes darl\u0131\u011f\u0131-\u00f6ks\u00fcr\u00fck \u015fikayeti olmas\u0131 da ast\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131nda de\u011ferlendirilmesi gereken semptomlard\u0131r.\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n -\u201cSolunum fonksiyon testleri \u00e7ok k\u0131ymetli\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Topel, a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131n devam\u0131nda \u015funlar\u0131 da payla\u015ft\u0131:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u201cAst\u0131m hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00e7ocukluk \u00e7a\u011f\u0131ndan itibaren g\u00f6r\u00fclebilece\u011fi gibi, eri\u015fkinlik hayat\u0131nda sonradan da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilmektedir. Tan\u0131s\u0131 i\u00e7in; hastan\u0131n \u015fikayetlerinden \u015f\u00fcphelenildikten sonra ast\u0131mdaki hava k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6stermek i\u00e7in yap\u0131lacak solunum fonksiyon testleri \u00e7ok k\u0131ymetlidir. Ast\u0131m hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 di\u011fer bir\u00e7ok akci\u011fer hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n aksine geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcml\u00fc olarak hava yollar\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7ermesi nedeniyle bazen tek bir test sonu\u00e7suz olup, kontrol testlerle veya hastan\u0131n evdeki soluk verme hacimlerini bir s\u00fcre takip etmek amac\u0131yla kullan\u0131lacak PEF-metre isimli cihazla takibi yap\u0131lmas\u0131 da tan\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131dan \u00f6nemli olabilmektedir. Ast\u0131m tan\u0131s\u0131 alan hastalarda ayn\u0131 zamanda e\u015flik edebilecek ve ast\u0131m kontrol\u00fcn\u00fc bozacak alerjik hastal\u0131klar, refl\u00fc, di\u011fer akci\u011fer hastal\u0131klar\u0131, obezite a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan da de\u011ferlendirilmeler yap\u0131lmas\u0131 gereklidir. \u00d6zellikle alerjik duyarlanma saptanan ast\u0131m hastalar\u0131nda uygun alerji tedavisi i\u00e7in hastan\u0131n bir immunolojive alerji hastal\u0131klar\u0131 uzman\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan de\u011ferlendirilmesi ve gerekli hallerde alerjen immunoterapisi \u00e7ok k\u0131ymetlidir.\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Ast\u0131m tan\u0131s\u0131 konulduktan sonra tedavi ve takip i\u00e7in en \u00f6nemli fakt\u00f6r\u00fcn \u201chasta-doktor\u201d i\u015f birli\u011fi oldu\u011funu vurgulayan Eri\u015fkin \u0130mm\u00fcnoloji ve Alerji Uzman\u0131 Dr. Musa Topel, \u201cHastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n getirileri ve dikkat edilmesi gereken noktalar hastaya anlayabilece\u011fi bir dilde anlat\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. \u00d6zellikle hastalar\u0131n ila\u00e7 uyumunun art\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 uzun vadede hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n seyrine \u00f6nemli pozitif katk\u0131larda bulunur\u201d dedi.<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n -\u00d6nlemler<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Musa Topel, ast\u0131m hastalar\u0131n\u0131n alabilece\u011fi \u00f6nlemleri \u015f\u00f6yle s\u0131ralad\u0131:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u201cBelirlenen alerjik duyarl\u0131l\u0131klardan m\u00fcmk\u00fcn oldu\u011funca uzak durabilme, tetikleyici olabilecek sigara, hava kirlili\u011fi olan ortamlardan uzak durulmas\u0131, kullan\u0131l\u0131yorsa sigaran\u0131n b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131, obezitesi olan bireylerde kilo verilmesi, \u00f6zellikle toz alerjisi olan hastalarda evde hal\u0131, y\u00fcnl\u00fc \u00f6rt\u00fcler, pelu\u015f oyuncaklar gibi \u00fczerinde toz tutabilecek e\u015fyalar\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, temizlik yaparken HEPA filtreli elektrikli s\u00fcp\u00fcrgeler kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, herhangi bir kimyasal madde kullan\u0131m\u0131 s\u0131ras\u0131nda maske kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, hayvan alerjisi olanlarda ev i\u00e7inde hayvan beslenmemesi, baz\u0131 ast\u0131m hastalar\u0131nda egzersiz s\u0131ras\u0131nda ast\u0131m tetiklenebilece\u011finden takip edilen doktor \u00f6nerilerine g\u00f6re egzersiz planlanmas\u0131 ve egzersiz s\u0131ras\u0131nda ila\u00e7lar\u0131n yan\u0131nda bulundurulmas\u0131, \u00f6zellikle 65 ya\u015f \u00fcst\u00fc veya ek hastal\u0131klar\u0131 (diyabet, hipertansiyon, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k yetersizli\u011fi, onkolojik hastal\u0131klar vb.) olan bireylerde grip ve pn\u00f6mokok a\u015f\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131lmas\u0131.\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n -\u0130la\u00e7lar<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n Ast\u0131mda kullan\u0131lan ila\u00e7larla ilgili de bilgi veren Musa Topel, \u015funlar\u0131 kaydetti:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u201cEn \u00f6nemli ila\u00e7 gruplar\u0131 aras\u0131nda; a\u011fza p\u00fcsk\u00fcrtme veya nefes \u015feklinde i\u00e7e \u00e7ekme y\u00f6ntemiyle kullan\u0131lan nefes a\u00e7\u0131c\u0131 (bronkodilat\u00f6r) inhaler ila\u00e7lar vard\u0131r. Bunlar\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra a\u011f\u0131z yoluyla da hap \u015feklinde al\u0131nabilecek ila\u00e7lar ve \u00f6zellik atak s\u0131ras\u0131nda ge\u00e7ici rahatlama sa\u011flayacak kurtar\u0131c\u0131 ila\u00e7lar da mevcuttur. Bunlara ra\u011fmen s\u0131k atak ge\u00e7iren hastalar a\u011f\u0131r ast\u0131m vakalar\u0131 olarak de\u011ferlendirilmeli ve yeni nesil biyolojik ajanlara ba\u015flanmas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan g\u00f6\u011f\u00fcs hastal\u0131klar\u0131 veya imm\u00fcnoloji ve alerji hastal\u0131klar\u0131 uzmanlar\u0131na y\u00f6nlendirilmelidir.\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n -\u201cTakip ve tedavi \u00f6nemli\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u201cAst\u0131m do\u011fas\u0131 gere\u011fi geri d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f\u00fcml\u00fc olmakla birlikte hem s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n artmas\u0131 hem de ge\u00e7irilen her atakla ast\u0131m\u0131n hava yollar\u0131na kal\u0131c\u0131 hasar vermesi olas\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 bulunmas\u0131 nedeniyle takip ve tedavi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan \u00f6nemli bir hastal\u0131k grubudur\u201d diyen Topel, \u015f\u00f6yle devam etti:<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n \u201cAst\u0131m ila\u00e7larla kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nabildi\u011fi takdirde hastalar\u0131n uzun y\u0131llar sorunsuz ya\u015fayabilece\u011fi hastalara anlat\u0131lmal\u0131 ve \u00f6zellikle ataklar esnas\u0131nda hastalar\u0131n ba\u015fvurabilece\u011fi yaz\u0131l\u0131 eylem planlar\u0131 hastalarla payla\u015f\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Bireyler kadar toplum i\u015f y\u00fck\u00fc etkilenmesi ve sa\u011fl\u0131k harcamalar\u0131n\u0131n ataklar y\u00fcz\u00fcnden artmas\u0131 da g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde bulunduruldu\u011funda ast\u0131m a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan gerekli \u00f6nlemlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131 halk sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan b\u00fcy\u00fck \u00f6neme sahiptir.\u201d<\/span><\/span><\/span><\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Ast\u0131m s\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n \u00e7ocuklarda y\u00fczde 9,1, adolesanlarda (10-19 ya\u015f) y\u00fczde 11, eri\u015fkinlerde y\u00fczde 6,6 oldu\u011funu s\u00f6yleyen Topel, K\u0131br\u0131s T\u00fcrk Tabipleri Birli\u011fi ad\u0131na yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u201c7 May\u0131s D\u00fcnya Ast\u0131m G\u00fcn\u00fc\u201d a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131nda baz\u0131 bilgilerle uyar\u0131lar payla\u015ft\u0131. Topel, \u201cAst\u0131m ila\u00e7larla kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nabildi\u011fi takdirde hastalar uzun y\u0131llar sorunsuz ya\u015fayabilir\u201d dedi. -Belirtiler\u2026 \u201cAst\u0131m genellikle ataklar halinde seyreder\u201d Eri\u015fkin \u0130mm\u00fcnoloji ve Alerji<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":40595,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[79],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-40594","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ekonomi"],"yoast_head":"\n