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<\/div>\nYale \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nin geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi ki\u015fiye \u00f6zel kanser a\u015f\u0131s\u0131, 9 b\u00f6brek kanseri hastas\u0131nda ba\u015far\u0131yla t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fc yok etti. A\u015f\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemini g\u00fc\u00e7lendirerek kanser h\u00fccrelerini hedef al\u0131yor. Faz 2 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 s\u00fcr\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n
ABD\u2019deki Yale \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nden bilim insanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen deneysel bir kanser a\u015f\u0131s\u0131, 9 hastada hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n tamamen ortadan kalkmas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Mart 2019 ile Eyl\u00fcl 2021 aras\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmaya kat\u0131lan hastalar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00fc, Temmuz 2023\u2019te yap\u0131lan \u00fc\u00e7 y\u0131ll\u0131k takip muayenesinde kansersiz oldu\u011fu tespit edilerek \u00f6nemli bir ba\u015far\u0131ya imza at\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
A\u015f\u0131, cerrahi m\u00fcdahale sonras\u0131 kalan kanser h\u00fccrelerini hedef alarak sa\u011fl\u0131kl\u0131 h\u00fccrelere zarar vermeden ortadan kald\u0131rd\u0131. Yale Kanser Merkezi ve Dana-Farber Kanser Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc taraf\u0131ndan geli\u015ftirilen a\u015f\u0131, her hastan\u0131n biyolojik \u00f6zelliklerine \u00f6zel olarak tasarland\u0131 ve ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sisteminin yaln\u0131zca t\u00fcm\u00f6re \u00f6zg\u00fc mutasyonlar\u0131 tan\u0131y\u0131p yok etmesini sa\u011flad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Ki\u015fiye \u00f6zel ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k yan\u0131t\u0131 geli\u015ftirildi<\/strong> B\u00f6brek kanserinin en \u00f6l\u00fcmc\u00fcl t\u00fcrlerinden biri olan evre 3 ve 4 berrak h\u00fccreli renal h\u00fccreli karsinom (ccRCC), te\u015fhis edilen hastalar\u0131n y\u00fczde 85-90\u2019\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcyor. Ancak bu deneysel a\u015f\u0131, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n n\u00fcksetmesini \u00f6nleme konusunda umut vaat ediyor. Kanser hastalar\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fczde 20 ila y\u00fczde 50\u2019sinde hastal\u0131k geri d\u00f6nebilirken, a\u015f\u0131 sayesinde \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmadaki 9 hastan\u0131n hi\u00e7birinde hastal\u0131k tekrar ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmad\u0131.<\/p>\n Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemi, mutasyonlar\u0131n y\u00fczde 65\u2019ine kadar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131y\u0131p tepki verdi<\/strong> Ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemi, hastalar\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00f6rlerindeki kanserle ili\u015fkili mutasyonlar\u0131n y\u00fczde 65\u2019ine kadar\u0131n\u0131 tan\u0131y\u0131p tepki verdi. A\u015f\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sisteminin kanser h\u00fccrelerini tan\u0131mas\u0131n\u0131 sa\u011flayan \u201cneoantijen\u201d ad\u0131 verilen protein fragmanlar\u0131 kullan\u0131larak geli\u015ftirildi. Her hastan\u0131n t\u00fcm\u00f6r\u00fc genetik olarak dizilendi, kanser spesifik proteinler belirlendi ve bu proteinleri tan\u0131yacak peptitler laboratuvarda sentezlendi. Daha sonra, bu peptitler birle\u015ftirilerek ki\u015fiye \u00f6zel bir a\u015f\u0131 olu\u015fturuldu.<\/p>\n Grip benzeri hafif semptom g\u00f6zlendi<\/strong> Dr. Braun, \u201cBa\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sisteminin T h\u00fccreleri arac\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131yla g\u00fc\u00e7l\u00fc ve uzun s\u00fcreli bir tepki verdi\u011fini g\u00f6rmek son derece cesaret verici. Bu, kanserle sava\u015fta ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k yan\u0131t\u0131n\u0131 kal\u0131c\u0131 hale getirebilece\u011fimizin bir g\u00f6stergesi\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n \u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n sonu\u00e7lar\u0131, bilim d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131n en prestijli dergilerinden biri olan Nature\u2019da yay\u0131mland\u0131. Ancak a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n etkinli\u011finin kesin olarak belirlenmesi i\u00e7in daha geni\u015f kapsaml\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalara ihtiya\u00e7 var. \u015eu anda faz 2 denemeleri s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcl\u00fcyor ve bu a\u015famada a\u015f\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemini g\u00fc\u00e7lendiren Keytruda (pembrolizumab) adl\u0131 ila\u00e7 ile birlikte test ediliyor.<\/p>\n Kanser a\u015f\u0131s\u0131, onkoloji alan\u0131nda devrim yaratabilir mi?<\/strong> B\u00f6brek h\u00fccreli karsinom, d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda en yayg\u0131n 10 kanser t\u00fcr\u00fc aras\u0131nda yer al\u0131yor. Her y\u0131l d\u00fcnya genelinde 400 binden fazla yeni vaka tespit edilirken, ABD\u2019de bu say\u0131 yakla\u015f\u0131k 80 bin civar\u0131nda.<\/p>\n Sigara kullan\u0131m\u0131, obezite, y\u00fcksek tansiyon, genetik fakt\u00f6rler ve ailede b\u00f6brek kanseri \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fc, bu hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n geli\u015fme riskini art\u0131r\u0131yor. Te\u015fhis oranlar\u0131n\u0131n y\u0131llar i\u00e7inde artmas\u0131n\u0131n, daha geli\u015fmi\u015f tarama y\u00f6ntemleri ve fark\u0131ndal\u0131\u011f\u0131n art\u0131\u015f\u0131yla ba\u011flant\u0131l\u0131 oldu\u011fu d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcn\u00fcl\u00fcyor.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n
\u00c7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n ba\u015fyazar\u0131 ve Yale Kanser Merkezi ba\u015f ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131s\u0131 Dr. David Braun, \u201cBu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fman\u0131n temel amac\u0131, ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemini do\u011frudan t\u00fcm\u00f6re \u00f6zg\u00fc hedeflere y\u00f6nlendirmekti\u201d dedi. Bilim insanlar\u0131, her kanser vakas\u0131n\u0131n benzersiz oldu\u011fu ger\u00e7e\u011finden yola \u00e7\u0131karak hastaya \u00f6zel ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k tepkisi geli\u015ftiren bir a\u015f\u0131 tasarlad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Faz 1 a\u015famas\u0131nda a\u015f\u0131, hastalar taraf\u0131ndan ne kadar tolere edilebildi\u011fi ve g\u00fcvenli\u011fi a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan test edildi. \u00c7al\u0131\u015fmaya kat\u0131lan 9 hasta, toplamda 7 doz a\u015f\u0131 ald\u0131 (ilk a\u015famada 5, hat\u0131rlatma a\u015famas\u0131nda 2 doz). D\u00f6rt hasta yaln\u0131zca a\u015f\u0131 olurken, be\u015f hasta d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck dozda ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k tedavisi ilac\u0131 ipilimumab ile birlikte a\u015f\u0131land\u0131.<\/p>\n
Ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n hem ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k tedavisiyle hem de tek ba\u015f\u0131na ayn\u0131 olumlu sonu\u00e7lar\u0131 verdi\u011fini ve ciddi yan etkilere yol a\u00e7mad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 belirtti. Hastalarda yaln\u0131zca grip benzeri hafif semptomlar g\u00f6zlemlendi.<\/p>\n
Onkoloji alan\u0131ndaki ara\u015ft\u0131rmalar, \u015fimdiye kadar kanserin geni\u015f bir yelpazede ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k sistemini atlatmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nleyebilecek bir a\u015f\u0131 geli\u015ftirme konusunda zorluklar ya\u015fam\u0131\u015ft\u0131. Ancak Yale \u00dcniversitesi\u2019nin geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi bu ki\u015fiye \u00f6zel kanser a\u015f\u0131s\u0131, kanser tedavisinde \u00e7\u0131\u011f\u0131r a\u00e7abilecek bir ad\u0131m olabilir.<\/p>\n