![\"\"](\"https:\/\/brtk.net\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/03\/11\/covid.jpg?ver=b1d9d090121882bf5335eab7ae5338f7\")
<\/div>\nD\u00fcnya Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00d6rg\u00fct\u00fcn\u00fcn (DS\u00d6) 11 Mart 2020\u2019de \u201cpandemi\u201d ilan etti\u011fi ve bug\u00fcne kadar d\u00fcnya \u00e7ap\u0131nda 7 milyonu a\u015fk\u0131n insan\u0131n ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131 yitirdi\u011fi Covid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131, \u201cUluslararas\u0131 Halk Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Acil Durumu\u201d s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131ndan 2023\u2019te \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131na ra\u011fmen hastal\u0131k nedeniyle can kay\u0131plar\u0131 devam ediyor.<\/p>\n
Covid-19\u2019un ilk vakalar\u0131, 2019\u2019un sonunda \u00c7in\u2019in Hubey eyaletinin Vuhan kentinde o g\u00fcnlerde sebebi bilinmeyen gizemli solunum yolu rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fikayetiyle ilk hastalar\u0131n hastanelere ba\u015fvurmas\u0131yla g\u00f6r\u00fclmeye ba\u015fland\u0131. 2020\u2019nin ba\u015f\u0131nda ise bu hastal\u0131ktan ilk \u00f6l\u00fcm kay\u0131tlara ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n
\u0130lk kez Vuhan\u2019da deniz \u00fcr\u00fcnleri g\u0131da pazar\u0131n\u0131 ziyaret eden ki\u015filerde g\u00f6r\u00fclen hastal\u0131\u011fa, yarasalarda bulunan bir beta koronavir\u00fcs\u00fcn mutasyona u\u011fram\u0131\u015f hali oldu\u011fu tahmin edilen, daha \u00f6nce bilinmeyen t\u00fcrdeki bir koronavir\u00fcs\u00fcn sebep oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n
\u0130lk ba\u015flarda h\u0131zla yay\u0131lan Covid-19\u2019a ili\u015fkin yeterli verinin olmamas\u0131, zamanla vir\u00fcs\u00fcn \u00c7in i\u00e7inde ve d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda yay\u0131larak tehdit olu\u015fturmas\u0131na, devletlerin ve ileri gelen organizasyonlar\u0131n k\u00fcresel \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulunmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n
Salg\u0131n\u0131n d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131lmas\u0131<\/strong> Daha sonraki vaka Vuhan\u2019a seyahat eden 3 Frans\u0131z vatanda\u015fta g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n Avrupa\u2019ya, daha sonra Birle\u015fik Arap Emirlikleri\u2019ne (BAE), M\u0131s\u0131r\u2019a ve nihayetinde Afrika\u2019n\u0131n geneline g\u00f6r\u00fclmesiyle Covid-19 d\u00fcnyada yay\u0131ld\u0131.<\/p>\n DS\u00d6 Genel Direkt\u00f6r\u00fc Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus, \u201cSARS-CoV-2\u201d vir\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fcn yol a\u00e7t\u0131\u011f\u0131 Covid-19 vakalar\u0131n\u0131n k\u00fcresel endi\u015fe uyand\u0131rmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan 30 Ocak 2020\u2019de \u201cUluslararas\u0131 Halk Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Acil Durumu\u201d ilan etti\u011fini duyurdu.<\/p>\n DS\u00d6, 11 \u015eubat 2020\u2019de yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klamada, salg\u0131n\u0131n ad\u0131n\u0131n \u201cCOVID-19\u201d (Coronavirus Disease 2019) olarak de\u011fi\u015ftirildi\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klad\u0131.<\/p>\n 11 Mart 2020\u2019de \u201cpandemi\u201d ilan edildi Tarihler 4 Mart 2020\u2019yi g\u00f6sterdi\u011finde Covid-19 vaka say\u0131s\u0131 1 milyonu a\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n Covid-19\u2019un yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 \u00f6nlemeye y\u00f6nelik al\u0131nan tedbirler<\/strong> Bu s\u00fcre zarf\u0131nda salg\u0131n\u0131n yay\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 engellemeye y\u00f6nelik uygulanan tedbirler kapsam\u0131nda bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede, kamuya a\u00e7\u0131k alanlarda maske kullan\u0131m\u0131 zorunlu hale getirildi. \u0130\u015f yerleri ve okullarda \u201cy\u00fcz y\u00fcze\u201d faaliyetler ask\u0131ya al\u0131narak \u201c\u00e7evrim i\u00e7i\u201d y\u00f6ntemlere ba\u015fvuruldu.<\/p>\n DS\u00d6, 5 Haziran 2020\u2019de maske kullan\u0131m\u0131na ili\u015fkin yay\u0131mlad\u0131\u011f\u0131 raporda, h\u00fck\u00fcmetlerin halka a\u00e7\u0131k alanlarda cerrahi maske kullan\u0131m\u0131n\u0131 te\u015fvik etmesi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131da bulundu.<\/p>\n Tedbirler kapsam\u0131ndaki \u201ckapanmalar\u201d, ekonomik, sosyal, siyasi ve psikolojik boyutlarda toplumlar\u0131 ve insan ili\u015fkilerini olumsuz etkiledi.<\/p>\n Ki\u015filerin Covid-19 ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131s\u0131 olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n belirlenmesinde yol g\u00f6steren PCR testi uygulamas\u0131 hayata ge\u00e7irildi.<\/p>\n Ba\u015fta DS\u00d6 olmak \u00fczere \u00e7o\u011fu h\u00fck\u00fcmet, vatanda\u015flar\u0131n\u0131 \u201chijyen, sosyal mesafe, maske ve karantina\u201d gibi \u00f6nemlerin al\u0131nmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcnde te\u015fvik etti. Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ki\u015filerle temas edenlere, evlerinde en az 14 ile 21 g\u00fcn kalmalar\u0131n\u0131 gerektirecek karantina uygulamas\u0131 benimsendi.<\/p>\n Mutasyon sonucu olu\u015fan varyantlar<\/strong> DS\u00d6, olu\u015fan varyantlar\u0131, vir\u00fcs\u00fcn bula\u015f\u0131c\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131, yay\u0131lma riskini, \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fcc\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc, hastal\u0131k belirtilerinin de\u011fi\u015fip de\u011fi\u015fmedi\u011fini \u00f6l\u00e7mek i\u00e7in \u201cEndi\u015fe Verici Varyant\u201d (VOC) ve \u201c\u0130zlenmesi Gereken Varyant\u201d (VOI) olarak iki s\u0131n\u0131fta inceledi.<\/p>\n \u201cAlfa\u201d ismi verilen, \u0130ngiltere\u2019de Eyl\u00fcl 2020\u2019de tespit edilen varyant\u0131n yan\u0131 s\u0131ra G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019da Beta, Brezilya\u2019da Gama ve Hindistan\u2019da Delta, yine G\u00fcney Afrika\u2019da g\u00f6r\u00fclen Omicron varyantlar\u0131, DS\u00d6\u2019n\u00fcn \u201cEndi\u015fe Verici Varyant\u201d (VOC) listesinde yer ald\u0131.<\/p>\n A\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131<\/strong> \u0130ngiltere \u0130la\u00e7 ve Sa\u011fl\u0131k \u00dcr\u00fcnleri D\u00fczenleme Kurumunun (MHRA), 2 Aral\u0131k 2020\u2019de ABD\u2019li ila\u00e7 \u015firketi Pfizer ile T\u00fcrk bilim insan\u0131 Prof. Dr. U\u011fur \u015eahin\u2019in kurucu orta\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu Alman biyoteknoloji firmas\u0131 BioNTech\u2019in geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi potansiyel Covid-19 a\u015f\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n yayg\u0131n kullan\u0131m\u0131na onay vermesiyle BioNTech\/Pfizer a\u015f\u0131s\u0131, \u201cd\u00fcnyada tescillenen ilk Covid-19 a\u015f\u0131s\u0131\u201d oldu.<\/p>\n Di\u011fer a\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131n\u0131n da 2021 y\u0131l\u0131nda olumlu sonu\u00e7lanmas\u0131yla salg\u0131nla m\u00fccadelede a\u015f\u0131lar devreye girdi. Bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te kademeli olarak \u201cnormal hayata\u201d d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015f ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n Avrupa Birli\u011finin (AB) ila\u00e7 d\u00fczenleyicisi Avrupa \u0130la\u00e7 Ajans\u0131 (EMA), Pfizer\u2019in Kas\u0131m 2021\u2019de geli\u015ftirdi\u011fi \u201cPaxlovid\u201d adl\u0131 antiviral ilac\u0131n ko\u015fullu pazar onay\u0131 ba\u015fvurusunun kabul g\u00f6rd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc belirtti. B\u00f6ylece Paxlovid, AB\u2019de Covid-19 tedavisinde a\u011f\u0131zdan al\u0131narak kullan\u0131lan ilk onaylanm\u0131\u015f ila\u00e7 oldu.<\/p>\n Ki\u015finin vir\u00fcs\u00fc ta\u015f\u0131mad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n g\u00f6stergesi olan \u201cnegatif PCR testinin\u201d, seyahat ederken ya da sosyal etkinliklere kat\u0131l\u0131rken g\u00f6sterilmesi bir\u00e7ok \u00fclkede zorunlu hale geldi.<\/p>\n \u00d6te yandan, 2022\u2019nin ortalar\u0131na do\u011fru salg\u0131na ili\u015fkin \u00f6nemlerin gev\u015fetilmesi kapsam\u0131nda maske ve PCR testi zorunlulu\u011fu kald\u0131r\u0131lmaya ba\u015fland\u0131. \u00d6l\u00fcm ve vaka say\u0131lar\u0131nda d\u00fc\u015f\u00fc\u015f g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc.<\/p>\n DS\u00d6, 5 May\u0131s 2023\u2019te Covid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 \u201cUluslararas\u0131 Halk Sa\u011fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Acil Durumu\u201d s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131ndan \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131.<\/p>\n G\u00fcncel vaka ve \u00f6l\u00fcm say\u0131lar\u0131<\/strong> Salg\u0131n kaynakl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin en \u00e7ok g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fclkeler aras\u0131nda ABD ilk s\u0131rada yer al\u0131rken, onu s\u0131ras\u0131yla Brezilya, Hindistan ve Rusya takip etti.<\/p>\n Bu y\u0131l bile etkisini g\u00f6stermeye devam eden salg\u0131n nedeniyle ge\u00e7en hafta 517 ki\u015fi, \u015fubat ay\u0131nda ise 3 bin 73 ki\u015fi hayat\u0131n\u0131 kaybetti.<\/p>\n D\u00fcnya genelinde 13 milyar\u0131 a\u015fk\u0131n doz a\u015f\u0131n\u0131n yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 kay\u0131tlara ge\u00e7ti.<\/p>\n \u015eu an d\u00fcnyada 94 bini a\u015fk\u0131n ki\u015fi Covid-19\u2019la m\u00fccadele ederken, hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131n g\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ilk tarihten itibaren kay\u0131tlara ge\u00e7en toplam vaka say\u0131s\u0131 777 milyonu a\u015ft\u0131.<\/p>\n<\/p><\/div>\n
\u00c7in d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki ilk vaka 13 Ocak 2020\u2019de Tayland\u2019da g\u00f6r\u00fcl\u00fcrken, salg\u0131n iki g\u00fcn sonra Japonya\u2019ya, yakla\u015f\u0131k bir hafta sonra ise ABD\u2019ye s\u0131\u00e7rad\u0131.<\/p>\n
Vaka ve \u00f6len say\u0131lar\u0131ndaki art\u0131\u015f\u0131n kritik d\u00fczeye ula\u015fmas\u0131 \u00fczerine DS\u00d6, 11 Mart 2020\u2019de Covid-19 salg\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 \u201ck\u00fcresel pandemi\u201d ilan etti\u011fini bildirirken, bug\u00fcn ayn\u0131 zamanda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ilk vaka tespit edildi.<\/p>\n
Sebebi anla\u015f\u0131lamayan \u201csolunum rahats\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131\u201d \u015fikayetiyle ilk hastan\u0131n 17 Kas\u0131m 2019\u2019da hastaneye ba\u015fvurmas\u0131n\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnden 100 g\u00fcn ge\u00e7mesinin ard\u0131ndan DS\u00d6, insanlara \u201cevde kal\u0131n\u201d \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131nda bulundu.<\/p>\n
\u00d6te yandan, 2020\u2019nin sonunda Covid-19\u2019un d\u00fcnyaya yay\u0131lmas\u0131 sonucu ge\u00e7irdi\u011fi mutasyonlar yeni varyantlar\u0131n ortaya \u00e7\u0131kmas\u0131na yol a\u00e7t\u0131.<\/p>\n
Covid-19\u2019a kar\u015f\u0131 ba\u011f\u0131\u015f\u0131kl\u0131k geli\u015ftirmek amac\u0131yla y\u00fcr\u00fct\u00fclen a\u015f\u0131 \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131 h\u0131z kesmeden ilk sonu\u00e7lar\u0131n\u0131 vermeye ba\u015flad\u0131.<\/p>\n
DS\u00d6 verilerine g\u00f6re, d\u00fcnya genelinde Covid-19 kaynakl\u0131 \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin say\u0131s\u0131 7 milyonu ge\u00e7ti, bu \u00f6l\u00fcmlerin yakla\u015f\u0131k 3 milyonu Amerika k\u0131tas\u0131, 2 milyondan fazlas\u0131 Avrupa genelinde tespit edildi.<\/p>\n