<\/p>\n
\u201cBir kere y\u00fckselen bayrak, bir daha inmez\u2026\u201d Azerbaycan\u2019da 28 May\u0131s 1918\u2019de ilan edilen ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n 107. y\u0131l\u0131 kutlan\u0131yor.<\/p>\n
Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131, 28 May\u0131s 1918\u2019de G\u00fcrcistan\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fkenti Tiflis\u2019te, Mehmet Emin Resulzade ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131ndaki Azerbaycan Milli \u015euras\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan ilan edildi.<\/p>\n
Milli \u015eura\u2019n\u0131n kabul etti\u011fi \u201c\u0130stiklal Bildirisi\u201dnde, \u00fclkenin y\u00f6netim \u015feklinin cumhuriyet oldu\u011fu belirtildi.<\/p>\n
Tarih sahnesinde var oldu\u011fu 23 ayl\u0131k k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede ekonomi, e\u011fitim, din ve vicdan \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc alan\u0131nda reformlar yap\u0131lan, t\u00fcm yurtta\u015flara e\u015fit haklar, kad\u0131nlara se\u00e7me hakk\u0131 tan\u0131yan Azerbaycan, \u201cM\u00fcsl\u00fcman do\u011funun ilk demokratik cumhuriyeti\u201d olarak kabul ediliyor.<\/p>\n
Azerbaycanl\u0131lar, ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n hemen ard\u0131ndan ge\u00e7ici h\u00fck\u00fcmet olu\u015fturdu. H\u00fck\u00fcmet, Bak\u00fc Ermeni ve Bol\u015fevik \u00e7etelerinin i\u015fgali alt\u0131nda oldu\u011fu i\u00e7in bir s\u00fcre \u00fclkenin ikinci b\u00fcy\u00fck kenti Gence\u2019de faaliyet g\u00f6sterdi.<\/p>\n
Bak\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn Fatihi: Nuri Pa\u015fa<\/strong> \u201cKafkas \u0130slam Ordusu\u201d ismi verilen ordu, 15 Eyl\u00fcl 1918\u2019de Bak\u00fc\u2019y\u00fc kurtard\u0131 ve h\u00fck\u00fcmet buraya ta\u015f\u0131nd\u0131. Kafkas \u0130slam Ordusu, Bak\u00fc\u2019n\u00fcn kurtulu\u015fu i\u00e7in yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 sava\u015flarda 1130 \u015fehit verdi.<\/p>\n Azerbaycan\u2019da k\u0131sa s\u00fcrede ekonomi, e\u011fitim, din ve vicdan \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc alan\u0131nda reformlar yap\u0131larak \u00fclke tarihinde ilklere imza at\u0131ld\u0131. Irk, din, mezhep ve cinsiyet fark\u0131 g\u00f6zetmeksizin t\u00fcm yurtta\u015flara e\u015fit haklar tan\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n T\u00fcrk dili, devlet dili olarak ilan edildi<\/strong> D\u0131\u015f tehditlere kar\u015f\u0131 26 Haziran\u2019da Azerbaycan kendi ordusunu kurdu ve bu ordunun olu\u015fumunda Osmanl\u0131 subaylar\u0131 \u00f6nemli rol oynad\u0131.<\/p>\n H\u00fck\u00fcmetin 27 Haziran 1918\u2019de ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 kararla, T\u00fcrk dili, devlet dili olarak ilan edildi. Daha \u00f6nce \u00e7o\u011funda Rus\u00e7a e\u011fitim yap\u0131lan ortaokullarda, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e e\u011fitim yap\u0131lmas\u0131 zorunlu k\u0131l\u0131nd\u0131.<\/p>\n 7 Aral\u0131k 1918\u2019de 120 sandalyelik parlamento faaliyete ba\u015flad\u0131. \u00dclkedeki t\u00fcm siyasi parti ve etnik gruplar\u0131n temsil edildi\u011fi parlamento, faaliyet g\u00f6sterdi\u011fi 17 ay s\u00fcresince 230 yasa tasar\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 kabul etti.<\/p>\n Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n kurucusu kabul edilen \u201cMehmet Emin Resulzade\u201d<\/strong> H\u00fck\u00fcmet y\u00f6neticileri ve ayd\u0131nlar\u0131n \u00e7o\u011fu \u00fclkeyi terk etti fakat hepsi Azerbaycan davas\u0131n\u0131 hayatlar\u0131n\u0131n sonuna kadar ya\u015fatt\u0131.<\/p>\n Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n kurucusu olarak kabul edilen Mehmet Emin Resulzade, ya\u015fam\u0131n\u0131n son d\u00f6nemlerini T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de ge\u00e7irdi. 1949\u2019da Ankara\u2019da Azerbaycan K\u00fclt\u00fcr Derne\u011fini kurdu, kitaplar yaz\u0131p, konferanslar d\u00fczenleyerek \u00fclkesinin durumunu anlatmay\u0131 s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc.<\/p>\n Resulzade\u2019nin, \u201cBir kere y\u00fckselen bayrak bir daha inmez\u201d s\u00f6zleri, y\u0131llar sonra t\u00fcm Azerbaycanl\u0131lar i\u00e7in slogan haline geldi.<\/p>\n Azerbaycan, Sovyetlerin da\u011f\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131n ard\u0131ndan tekrar ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilan etti.<\/p>\n Ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131k bildirgesinde, \u00fclkenin, 1918-20 d\u00f6neminde faaliyet g\u00f6steren Azerbaycan Cumhuriyeti\u2019nin varisi kabul edildi\u011fi belirtildi.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n
Azerbaycan\u2019\u0131n ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131zl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ilk tan\u0131yan Osmanl\u0131 devleti oldu. \u0130ki devlet aras\u0131nda 4 Haziran 1918\u2019de anla\u015fma imzaland\u0131. Bu kapsamda d\u00f6nemin Harbiye Naz\u0131r\u0131 Enver Pa\u015fa, karde\u015fi Nuri Pa\u015fa (Killigil) komutas\u0131nda bir ordu kurarak Azerbaycan\u2019a yard\u0131m g\u00f6nderdi.<\/p>\n
Azerbaycan, M\u00fcsl\u00fcman do\u011fuda kad\u0131nlara se\u00e7me hakk\u0131 tan\u0131yan ilk \u00fclke oldu. \u00dclkenin kendi para birimi ve posta pullar\u0131 tedav\u00fcle girdi, Devlet Bankas\u0131 ve Bak\u00fc Devlet \u00dcniversitesi kuruldu.<\/p>\n
Azerbaycan Cumhuriyeti, 28 Nisan 1920\u2019de Sovyet ordusunun \u00fclkeyi i\u015fgaliyle son buldu.<\/p>\n