<\/p>\n
\n\tAvrupa X-\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 Serbest Elektron Lazeri (European XFEL) kullan\u0131larak ke\u015ffedilen bu yeni buz t\u00fcr\u00fcne \u201cIce XXI\u201d ad\u0131 verildi. Suyun a\u015f\u0131r\u0131 bas\u0131n\u00e7 alt\u0131nda \u201cmetastabil\u201d ad\u0131 verilen karars\u0131z bir duruma ge\u00e7ti\u011fi belirtildi; bu durumda en ufak bir sars\u0131nt\u0131 bile yap\u0131sal \u00e7\u00f6k\u00fc\u015fe neden olabiliyor.<\/p>\n
\n\tAra\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar, suyu iki elmas aras\u0131nda yakla\u015f\u0131k D\u00fcnya atmosfer bas\u0131nc\u0131n\u0131n 20 bin kat\u0131na denk gelen bir bas\u0131n\u00e7la s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rd\u0131. Bu i\u015flem s\u0131ras\u0131nda suyun yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n y\u00fcksek yo\u011funluktan \u00e7ok y\u00fcksek yo\u011funluklu h\u00e2le d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fc\u011f\u00fc tespit edildi.<\/p>\n
\n\tD\u00fcnyan\u0131n en b\u00fcy\u00fck X-\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 lazeri olan XFEL, bu s\u00fcre\u00e7te \u00f6rne\u011fi her mikrosaniyede (saniyenin milyonda biri) bir tarayarak yap\u0131sal de\u011fi\u015fimleri kaydetti. Deney, 1000\u2019den fazla kez tekrarlanarak farkl\u0131 kristalle\u015fme yollar\u0131 g\u00f6zlemlendi.<\/p>\n
\n\tAra\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131 Geun Woo Lee (Kore Standartlar ve Bilim Enstit\u00fcs\u00fc), \u201cXFEL\u2019in benzersiz X-\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131 darbeleri sayesinde, suyun h\u0131zl\u0131 s\u0131k\u0131\u015ft\u0131rma ve gev\u015feme s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinde birden fazla kristal olu\u015fum yolu ke\u015ffettik,\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
\n\t\u00c7al\u0131\u015fma Nature Materials dergisinde yay\u0131mland\u0131. Bilim insanlar\u0131, Ice XXI\u2019in uzayda buzun farkl\u0131 \u015fekillerde olu\u015fabilece\u011fine dair yeni ipu\u00e7lar\u0131 sundu\u011funu belirtiyor. Almanya\u2019daki DESY ara\u015ft\u0131rma merkezinden Rachel Husband, \u201cBu ke\u015fif, buz uydular\u0131n i\u00e7 yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 ve orada hangi ge\u00e7i\u015f s\u00fcre\u00e7lerinin ya\u015fand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 anlamam\u0131zda devrim yaratabilir\u201d dedi.<\/p>\n
\n\tIce XXI, suyun bilinen 21. kat\u0131 faz\u0131 oldu. Daha \u00f6nce bilim insanlar\u0131, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fck s\u0131cakl\u0131klarda bas\u0131n\u00e7 uygulayarak \u00e7e\u015fitli buz t\u00fcrleri \u00fcretmi\u015fti; ancak oda s\u0131cakl\u0131\u011f\u0131nda bu kadar kararl\u0131 bir faz\u0131n g\u00f6zlenmesi ilk kez ger\u00e7ekle\u015fti.<\/p>\n
\n\tBu ke\u015fif, suyun molek\u00fcler yap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131n ola\u011fan\u00fcst\u00fc \u00e7e\u015fitlili\u011fini bir kez daha ortaya koyarken, gelecekte hem gezegen biliminde hem de malzeme fizi\u011finde yeni ara\u015ft\u0131rma alanlar\u0131n\u0131n kap\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 aralayabilir.<\/p>\n